Characteristics

Distribution
Ubiquitous;
cosmopolitan.
Two species.

Where Found
Plant debris, soil. Secondary invader of damaged plant tissue.

Mode of Dissemination
Dry spore.
Wind.
Spores also released by hygroscopic movement.

Growth Indoors
Yes, on many different substrates including paper, textiles, and insects.
Aw=0.86-0.90 (minimum).

Industrial Uses
None known.

Other Comments
None.

Potential Health Effects

Allergens
Common.
Type I allergies (hay fever, asthma).

Potential Opportunist or Pathogen
No cases of infection have been reported in humans or animals.

Potential Toxin Production
Antibiotic substances produced: flavipin, epicorazine A & B, indole-3-acetonitrile.

Laboratory Notes

Growth/Culture Characterisics
Grows well on general fungal media, although sporulation may be strain dependent. Colonies typically have orange reverse pigment.

Spore Trap Recognition
Intact spores are distinctive. Young spores or spore fragments may be confused with Ulocladium, Stemphylium or possibly Alternaria. Commonly found in outdoor air.

Tape Lift Recognition
Distinctive, readily identifiable on tape lifts.