PFAS, PFOS & PFOA
PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) are a large group of highly persistent chemicals used for their water-, oil- and dirt-repellent properties. PFOS and PFOA are among the most regulated substances within this group. Due to their chemical stability, PFAS do not readily degrade and accumulate in materials, the environment and the human body.
Within the maritime sector, PFAS have historically been applied in a wide range of shipboard materials and systems, including firefighting foams (FFF), coatings and paints, insulation, gaskets, lubricants, textiles, protective equipment and water systems. As a result, many vessels still contain PFAS in critical operational and safety components.
The presence of PFAS on board introduces long-term operational and regulatory risks. Crew members may be exposed via air, water and contact surfaces, while environmental releases can occur during routine operations, maintenance, refits and recycling activities. In addition, the use and replacement of firefighting and safety equipment is increasingly restricted.
From a compliance perspective, PFAS can trigger non-conformities during Port State Control (PSC) inspections and audits, leading to legal, financial and reputational consequences. Effective PFAS management has therefore become a core element of vessel compliance and risk control.
